Eis o texto da resolução que será apresentado na
quinta-feira à votação do Conselho de Segurança da ONU. Espanha e França — no
seio do Grupo de Amigos do Sahara Ocidental — conseguiram adoçar o projeto apresentado
pelos EUA. A resolução prorroga por 12 meses o mandato e só enfatiza a
necessidade urgente da MINURSO (contingente da ONU deslocado no Sahara) recuperar
as sua plenas funções. Não insta Marrocos a reconsiderar a sua decisão de
expulsar o ramo civil da MINURSO e chega a elogiar o seu papel nas questões de
direitos humanos. Para conseguir que a missão retome as suas plenas funções não
se prevê aplicar qualquer tipo de pressão política sobre Marrocos (renovar a
resolução apenas por dois meses ou brandir a imposição de sanções). No prazo de
120 dias, Ban Ki-moon deve apresentar um relatório ao Conselho de Segurança se não
tiver sido alcançado o retorno dos funcionários expulsos e, se isso não ocorrer, deverá
indicar qual será a melhor maneira de alcançar esse objetivo:
Fonte: Ignacio Cembrero (jornalista espanhol)
Aquí
abajo figura el texto de la resolución que será sometida el jueves a la
votación del Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU. España y Francia han conseguido
edulcorar, en el seno del Grupo de Amigos del Sáhara Occidental, el proyecto
presentado por Estados Unidos. La resolución renueva por 12 meses el mandato y
únicamente enfatiza la necesidad urgente de que MINURSO (contingente de la ONU
desplegado en el Sáhara) recupere sus plenas funciones.No urge a Marruecos a
que reconsidere su decisión de expulsión de la rama civil de la MINURSO e incluso
alaba su papel en cuestiones de derechos humanos. Para lograr que retome esas
plenas funciones no se prevé aplicar ningún tipo de presión política sobre
Marruecos (renovar la resolución únicamente por dos meses o esgrimir la
imposición de sanciones). Dentro de 120 días Ban Ki-moon deberá dar cuenta al
Consejo de Seguridad si se ha logrado el regreso del contingente expulsado y,
si no es así, deberá exponer cual será la mejor manera de conseguir ese
objetivo:
The
Security Council,
Recalling
and reaffirming all its previous resolutions on Western Sahara,
Reaffirming
its strong support for the efforts of the Secretary-General and his Personal
Envoy to implement resolutions 1754 (2007), 1783 (2007), 1813 (2008), 1871
(2009), 1920 (2010), 1979 (2011), 2044 (2012), 2099 (2013), 2152 (2014), and
2218 (2015),
Reaffirming
its commitment to assist the parties to achieve a just, lasting, and mutually
acceptable political solution, which will provide for the self-determination of
the people of Western Sahara in the context of arrangements consistent with the
principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations, and noting the
role and responsibilities of the parties in this respect,
Reiterating
its call upon the parties and the neighbouring states to cooperate more fully
with the United Nations and with each other and to strengthen their involvement
to end the current impasse and to achieve progress towards a political
solution,
Recognizing
that achieving a political solution to this long-standing dispute and enhanced
cooperation between the Member States of the Maghreb Arab Union would
contribute to stability and security in the Sahel region,
Welcoming
the efforts of the Secretary-General to keep all peacekeeping operations,
including the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
(MINURSO), under close review and reiterating the need for the Council to
pursue a rigorous, strategic approach to peacekeeping deployments, and
effective management of resources,
Recognizing
the important role played by MINURSO on the ground and the need for it to fully
implement its mandate,
Expressing
concern about the violations of existing agreements, and calling on the parties
to respect their relevant obligations,
Taking note
of the Moroccan proposal presented on 11 April 2007 to the Secretary-General
and the serious and credible Moroccan efforts to move the process forward
towards resolution; also taking note of the Polisario Front proposal presented
10 April 2007 to the Secretary-General,
Encouraging
in this context, the parties to demonstrate further political will towards a
solution including by expanding upon their discussion of each other’s
proposals,
Taking note
of the four rounds of negotiations held under the auspices of the
Secretary-General and recognizing the importance of the parties committing to
continue the negotiations process,
Encouraging
the parties to resume cooperation with the Office of the High Commissioner for
Refugees in implementing the January 2012 updated Plan of Action on Confidence
Building Measures, including programs focused on linking people who have been
divided for more than 40 years due to the conflict,
Stressing
the importance of improving the human rights situation in Western Sahara and
the Tindouf camps, and encouraging the parties to work with the international
community to develop and implement independent and credible measures to ensure
full respect for human rights, bearing in mind their relevant obligations under
international law,
Encouraging
the parties to continue in their respective efforts to enhance the promotion
and protection of human rights in Western Sahara and the Tindouf refugee camps,
including the freedoms of expression and association,
Welcoming
in this regard, the recent steps and initiatives taken by Morocco, and the role
played by the National Council on Human Rights Commissions operating in Dakhla
and Laayoune, and Morocco’s interaction with Special Procedures of the United
Nations Human Rights Council,
Commending
the technical visit of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for
Human Rights (OHCHR) to Western Sahara in April 2015, and to the Tindouf
refugee camps in July-August 2015, and strongly encouraging full continuing
cooperation with OHCHR, including through facilitating further visits to the
region,
Recognizing
the impact of torrential rains in October 2015 on the Tindouf refugee camps and
welcoming the plan of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to
convene a donor briefing,
Reiterating
its request for consideration of a refugee registration in the Tindouf refugee
camps and inviting efforts in this regard,
Stressing
the importance of a commitment by the parties to continue the process of
negotiations through the United Nations-sponsored talks,
Recognizing
that the consolidation of the status quo is not acceptable, and noting further
that progress in the negotiations is essential in order to improve the quality
of life of the people of Western Sahara in all its aspects,
Affirming
full support for the Secretary-General’s Personal Envoy for Western Sahara
Ambassador Christopher Ross and his work in facilitating negotiations between
the parties, and, welcoming to that effect his recent initiatives and ongoing
consultations with the parties and neighbouring states,
Affirming
full support for the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for
Western Sahara and Head of MINURSO Kim Bolduc,
Noting with
concern that MINURSO’s ability to fully carry out its mandate has been affected
as the majority of its civilian component, including political personnel,
cannot perform their duties within MINURSO’s area of operations,
Having
considered the report of the Secretary-General of 19 April 2016 (S/2016/355),
1. Decides
to extend the mandate of MINURSO until 30 April 2017;
2.
Emphasizes the urgent need for MINURSO to return to full functionality;
3. Requests
the Secretary General to brief the Council within 120 days on whether MINURSO
has returned to full functionality and expresses its intention, if MINURSO has
not achieved full functionality, to consider how best to facilitate achievement
of this goal;
4.
Reaffirms the need for full respect of the military agreements reached with
MINURSO with regard to the ceasefire and calls on the parties to adhere fully
to those agreements;
5. Calls
upon all parties to cooperate fully with the operations of MINURSO, including
its free interaction with all interlocutors, and to take the necessary steps to
ensure the security of as well as unhindered movement and immediate access for
the United Nations and associated personnel in carrying out their mandate, in
conformity with existing agreements;
6.
Emphasizes the importance of the parties’ commitment to continue the process of
preparation for a fifth round of negotiations, and recalls its endorsement of
the recommendation in the report of 14 April 2008 (S/2008/251) that realism and
a spirit of compromise by the parties are essential to achieve progress in
negotiations;
7. Calls
upon the parties to continue to show political will and work in an atmosphere
propitious for dialogue in order to enter into a more intensive and substantive
phase of negotiations, thus ensuring implementation of resolutions 1754 (2007),
1783 (2007), 1813 (2008), 1871 (2009), 1920 (2010), 1979 (2011), 2044 (2012),
2099 (2013), 2152 (2014), and 2218 (2015) and the success of negotiations;
8. Affirms
its full support for the commitment of the Secretary-General and his Personal
Envoy towards a solution to the question of Western Sahara in this context and
calls for renewed meetings and strengthening of contacts;
9. Calls
upon the parties to continue negotiations under the auspices of the
Secretary-General without preconditions and in good faith, taking into account
the efforts made since 2006 and subsequent developments, with a view to
achieving a just, lasting, and mutually acceptable political solution, which
will provide for the self-determination of the people of Western Sahara in the
context of arrangements consistent with the principles and purposes of the
Charter of the United Nations, and noting the role and responsibilities of the
parties in this respect;
10. Invites
Member States to lend appropriate assistance to these talks;
11.
Requests the Secretary-General to brief the Security Council on a regular
basis, and at least twice a year, on the status and progress of these
negotiations under his auspices, on the implementation of this resolution, challenges
to MINURSO’s operations and steps taken to address them, expresses its
intention to meet to receive and discuss his briefings and in this regard, and
further requests the Secretary-General to provide a report on the situation in
Western Sahara well before the end of the mandate period;
12.
Welcomes the commitment of the parties and the neighbouring states to hold
periodic meetings with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees to review and, where possible, expand confidence-building measures;
13. Urges
Member States to provide voluntary contributions to fund confidence-building
measures agreed upon between the parties, including those that allow for visits
between separated family members, as well as food programmes to ensure that the
humanitarian needs of refugees are adequately addressed;
14.
Requests the Secretary-General to continue to take the necessary measures to
ensure full compliance in MINURSO with the United Nations zero-tolerance policy
on sexual exploitation and abuse and to keep the Council informed, and urges
troop-contributing countries to take appropriate preventive action including
predeployment awareness training, and other action to ensure full
accountability in cases of such conduct involving their personnel;
15. Decides
to remain seized of the matter.
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